{"id":20239,"date":"2025-03-14T10:11:47","date_gmt":"2025-03-14T17:11:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/drugpolicy.ca\/?p=20239"},"modified":"2025-11-06T09:01:53","modified_gmt":"2025-11-06T17:01:53","slug":"public-health-perspective-restrictions-on-scs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/drugpolicy.ca\/fr\/public-health-perspective-restrictions-on-scs\/","title":{"rendered":"Bringing a Public Health Perspective to Restrictions on Supervised Consumption Services at the Superior Court of Ontario"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Le fran\u00e7ais suit<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Canadian Drug Policy Coalition, Toronto Harm Reduction Alliance, Toronto Overdose Prevention Society, and Waterloo Region Drug Action Team (together, the \u201cIntervenor Coalition\u201d) are intervening before the Superior Court of Justice in Ontario to advocate for a path forward that is grounded in public health principles, upholds Charter rights, and protects against the perpetuation of stigma about people who use drugs as not worthy of the care needed for their survival.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Intervenor Coalition will ask the Superior Court to use a public health framework with four key principles in its analysis. This guidance will assist the court to identify stigma against people who use drugs in both the legislation and evidence before the court and ensure stigma and prejudice are not reinforced in the court\u2019s assessment of the claim.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The first principle in the public health framework is harm prevention, which is a fundamental aspect of public health policy and reflected in the stated purpose of Ontario&#8217;s <em>Health Protection and Promotion Act.<\/em> The prevention of harm must be prioritized, particularly when not doing so would result in death. Previous case law has affirmed that even one potential death is enough to establish that harmful effects resulting from a law are severe in relation to that law\u2019s purpose.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The second principle addresses clarity and certainty, which are required from the state\u2019s actions and the legislative environment to uphold public health objectives. The Act\u2019s geographic restrictions on supervised consumption sites are both immediate and future-facing. This means that if a childcare centre or school were to be established within 200 metres of a site, or if another type of premise within 200 metres was prescribed under the Act as a designated premise, the site would be required to shut down. In this environment of uncertainty, site operators cannot be confident in the operational viability of a site. This runs counter to a public health framework, impacts services everywhere, and must be considered in the court\u2019s assessment of the law.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The third principle requires that policy be grounded in evidence, not stigma. Legislation and decision-making are impacted by widely entrenched stigma against people who use drugs, requiring more careful consideration when assessing whether a law is discriminatory. It is essential to rely upon evidence rather than feelings of fear or discomfort, however common or previously uninterrogated, when drafting and assessing laws. Ontario\u2019s submissions appear to contain instances of stigma not supported by evidence, for instance, conflating visible poverty or drug use with safety risks to the public, suggesting a causal relationship between supervised consumption sites and neighbourhood poverty levels where none exists, or failing to recognize how supervised consumption sites can support abstinence-based recovery.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The fourth principle in the public health framework is the need for alignment between public health and public safety goals. Public safety laws must not undermine public health goals. If the law increases public health risks, it fails to create conditions of safety for the benefit of entire communities and cannot be justified as an appropriate public health measure.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A public health approach to legislation is essential to chart a path out of a years-long national public health crisis that has claimed the lives and impacted the wellness of hundreds of thousands of people across the country. The Intervenor Coalition hopes that their contributions will support the courts in recognizing the benefits of public-health-first measures, and the importance of grounding legislation in evidence. Such recognition is especially important given the recent push by some politicians for a return to a criminal-law-centric approach to drug use, even absent any discernable benefits to this approach from either a public health or public safety perspective.<sup>1<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub><sup>1<\/sup>\u00a0See e.g. Health Canada&#8217;s Expert Task Force on Substance Use.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/health-canada\/corporate\/about-health-canada\/public-engagement\/external-advisory-bodies\/expert-task-force-substance-use\/reports\/report-1-2021.html#a2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Report 1: Recommendations on alternatives to criminal penalties for simple possession of controlled substances<\/a>, Health Canada. 2021 May 6 and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/health-canada\/corporate\/about-health-canada\/public-engagement\/external-advisory-bodies\/expert-task-force-substance-use\/reports\/report-2-2021.html#a8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Report 2: Recommendations on the federal government&#8217;s drug policy as articulated in a draft Canadian Drugs and Substances Strategy (CDSS)<\/a>. Health Canada. 2021 Jun 6; Cano M, Timmons P, Hooten M, Sweeney K, Oh S.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38211403\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">A scoping review of law enforcement drug seizures and overdose mortality in the United States<\/a>. Int J Drug Policy.\u00a0<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">___________________________________________________________<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Faire valoir une perspective de sant\u00e9 publique \u00e0 la Cour sup\u00e9rieure de justice de l\u2019Ontario quant \u00e0 la restriction des services de consommation supervis\u00e9e<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La Coalition canadienne des politiques sur les drogues (CCPD), la Toronto Harm Reduction Alliance, la Toronto Overdose Prevention Society et la Waterloo Region Drug Action Team (collectivement la \u00ab\u202fcoalition d\u2019intervenants\u202f\u00bb) ont introduit un recours devant la Cour sup\u00e9rieure de justice de l\u2019Ontario pour faire valoir un cadre \u00e0 suivre fond\u00e9 sur les principes de la sant\u00e9 publique, qui assure le respect des droits garantis par la Charte et qui prot\u00e8ge les personnes qui consomment des drogues de la perp\u00e9tuation des pr\u00e9jug\u00e9s selon lesquels elles ne m\u00e9ritent pas les soins n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 leur survie.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La coalition d\u2019intervenants demandera \u00e0 la Cour d\u2019adopter pour son analyse un cadre de sant\u00e9 publique bas\u00e9 sur quatre principes cl\u00e9s. Cette orientation permettra de faire ressortir les pr\u00e9jug\u00e9s v\u00e9hicul\u00e9s sur les personnes qui consomment des drogues, tant dans les lois que dans les faits pr\u00e9sent\u00e9s \u00e0 la Cour, pour que celle-ci veille \u00e0 \u00e9viter de les renforcer dans son analyse du dossier.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le premier principe du cadre est celui de la pr\u00e9vention, aspect fondamental des politiques en mati\u00e8re de sant\u00e9 publique qui est par ailleurs mentionn\u00e9 dans l\u2019objectif de la <em>Loi sur la protection et la promotion de la sant\u00e9<\/em> de l\u2019Ontario<em>.<\/em> La pr\u00e9vention doit \u00eatre une priorit\u00e9, en particulier lorsque le non-respect de ce principe risque d\u2019entra\u00eener la mort. La jurisprudence ant\u00e9rieure a \u00e9tabli que m\u00eame un seul d\u00e9c\u00e8s potentiel suffit \u00e0 \u00e9tablir que les effets pr\u00e9judiciables d\u2019une loi sont graves au regard de l\u2019objectif de la loi.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le deuxi\u00e8me principe porte sur la clart\u00e9 et la certitude exig\u00e9es des actes de l\u2019\u00c9tat et du cadre l\u00e9gislatif pour l\u2019atteinte des objectifs de sant\u00e9 publique. Les restrictions g\u00e9ographiques impos\u00e9es aux sites de consommation supervis\u00e9e dans la Loi s\u2019appliquent \u00e0 la fois dans l\u2019imm\u00e9diat et dans l\u2019avenir. Autrement dit, si un centre de garde ou une \u00e9cole ouvre \u00e0 moins de 200\u202fm\u00e8tres d\u2019un site ou si un autre type d\u2019\u00e9tablissement se trouvant dans ce rayon devient un \u00ab\u202flieu prescrit\u202f\u00bb en vertu de la Loi, le site sera dans l\u2019obligation de fermer. Cette incertitude emp\u00eache les gestionnaires de sites de consommation supervis\u00e9e d\u2019\u00e9valuer avec confiance la viabilit\u00e9 de leurs projets. Cette disposition va \u00e0 l\u2019encontre du cadre de sant\u00e9 publique, elle touche tous les services, o\u00f9 qu\u2019ils se trouvent, et doit \u00eatre prise en compte dans l\u2019analyse de la Loi par la Cour.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le troisi\u00e8me principe veut que les politiques se fondent sur les faits plut\u00f4t que sur des pr\u00e9jug\u00e9s. Les lois et les d\u00e9cisions juridiques sont influenc\u00e9es par des pr\u00e9jug\u00e9s profond\u00e9ment enracin\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019endroit des personnes qui consomment des drogues, ce qui appelle un examen particuli\u00e8rement rigoureux pour statuer sur le caract\u00e8re discriminatoire ou non d\u2019une loi. Il est essentiel de se fier, lors de l\u2019\u00e9laboration ou de l\u2019examen de textes l\u00e9gislatifs, \u00e0 des \u00e9l\u00e9ments factuels plut\u00f4t qu\u2019\u00e0 des sentiments de peur ou d\u2019inconfort, m\u00eame si ceux-ci sont tr\u00e8s r\u00e9pandus ou n\u2019ont jamais auparavant \u00e9t\u00e9 remis en question. Les textes propos\u00e9s par l\u2019Ontario semblent contenir des traces de pr\u00e9jug\u00e9s qui ne sont pas corrobor\u00e9s par les faits, nomm\u00e9ment l\u2019amalgame entre pauvret\u00e9 apparente ou consommation de drogues et risques pour la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de la population, la supposition d\u2019une relation de cause \u00e0 effet entre la pr\u00e9sence de sites de consommation supervis\u00e9e et le niveau de pauvret\u00e9 d\u2019un quartier, bien qu\u2019aucun lien du genre n\u2019ait \u00e9t\u00e9 prouv\u00e9, ou encore la non-reconnaissance du r\u00f4le que peuvent jouer les sites de consommation supervis\u00e9e dans le r\u00e9tablissement fond\u00e9 sur l\u2019abstinence.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le quatri\u00e8me principe est celui de l\u2019harmonisation n\u00e9cessaire entre les objectifs de sant\u00e9 publique et de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 publique. En effet, les lois traitant de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 publique ne doivent pas compromettre les objectifs de sant\u00e9 publique. Une loi ayant pour effet d\u2019accro\u00eetre les risques de sant\u00e9 publique ne met pas en place les conditions n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de toute la population et n\u2019est donc pas justifi\u00e9e comme mesure de sant\u00e9 publique ad\u00e9quate.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Il est essentiel d\u2019adopter une approche l\u00e9gislative tenant compte de la sant\u00e9 publique afin de tracer une voie susceptible de nous sortir de la crise de sant\u00e9 publique nationale qui dure depuis plusieurs ann\u00e9es et qui a vol\u00e9 la vie ou min\u00e9 le bien-\u00eatre de centaines de milliers de personnes \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle du pays. La coalition d\u2019intervenants esp\u00e8re que son apport aidera les tribunaux \u00e0 reconna\u00eetre les bienfaits des mesures mettant la sant\u00e9 publique au premier plan et l\u2019importance de fonder les lois sur des faits. Cette reconnaissance est particuli\u00e8rement importante dans le contexte o\u00f9 des membres de la classe politique ont r\u00e9cemment encourag\u00e9 un retour \u00e0 une approche p\u00e9nale en mati\u00e8re de consommation de drogues, malgr\u00e9 l\u2019absence de tout bienfait observable de cette approche, que ce soit du point de vue de la sant\u00e9 publique ou de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 publique<sup>1<\/sup>.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><sub><sup>1<\/sup>\u00a0Voir par exemple\u00a0les travaux du\u00a0Groupe d\u2019experts sur la consommation de substances de Sant\u00e9 Canada\u202f:<a href=\"https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/fr\/sante-canada\/organisation\/a-propos-sante-canada\/mobilisation-publique\/organismes-consultatifs-externes\/groupe-experts-consommation-substances\/rapports\/rapport-1-2021.html#a2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rapport\u202f1\u202f:\u00a0Recommandations de solutions de rechange aux sanctions p\u00e9nales pour possession simple de substances contr\u00f4l\u00e9es<\/a>\u00a0(Sant\u00e9\u00a0Canada,\u00a06\u202fmai\u202f2021)\u00a0et\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/fr\/sante-canada\/organisation\/a-propos-sante-canada\/mobilisation-publique\/organismes-consultatifs-externes\/groupe-experts-consommation-substances\/rapports\/rapport-2-2021.html#a8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rapport\u202f2\u202f:\u00a0Recommandations relatives \u00e0 la politique du gouvernement du Canada en mati\u00e8re de drogues, telle qu\u2019elle est \u00e9nonc\u00e9e dans le projet de Strat\u00e9gie canadienne sur les drogues et autres substances (SCDAS)<\/a>\u00a0(Sant\u00e9\u00a0Canada, 6\u202fjuin\u202f2021);\u00a0Cano,\u00a0M., Timmons P., Hooten,\u00a0M., Sweeney,\u00a0K.\u00a0et\u00a0Oh,\u00a0S.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38211403\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">A scoping review of law enforcement drug seizures and overdose mortality in the United States<\/a>. International\u00a0Journal on\u00a0Drug Policy.\u00a0<\/sub>\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le fran\u00e7ais suit The Canadian Drug Policy Coalition, Toronto Harm Reduction Alliance, Toronto Overdose Prevention Society, and Waterloo Region Drug Action Team (together, the \u201cIntervenor Coalition\u201d) are intervening before the Superior Court of Justice in Ontario to advocate for a path forward that is grounded in public health principles, upholds Charter rights, and protects against [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":38,"featured_media":21598,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_crdt_document":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20239","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-all"],"acf":[],"mb":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Bringing a Public Health Perspective to Restrictions on Supervised Consumption Services at the Superior Court of Ontario - 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